Extrapolation of Survival Data in Cost-effectiveness Analyses

Extrapolation of Survival Data in Cost-effectiveness Analyses: The Need for Causal Clarity.

Predicting survival in cost-effectiveness analyses based on clinical trials.

This study deals with the question of how to model health effects after the cessation of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). By using clinical trial data on severe congestive heart failure patients, we illustrate how survival beyond the cessation of an RCT can be predicted based on parametric survival models. In the analysis, we compare predicted survival and the resulting incremental cost-eff...

Addressing risk preferences in cost-effectiveness analyses.

Cost-effectiveness analysis is a form of economic evaluation that compares that compares the costs and effectiveness of health interventions, where effectiveness is measured in a single scale. Despite the growth in the popularity of cost-effectiveness analysis, very few cost-effectiveness analyses adequately measure and account for uncertainty. In the health economics literature, two schools of...

The Core Value of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses.

O ver the past 4 years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has transformed the cardiac care of patients in the United States with severe aortic stenosis (SAS). In September 2011, a balloon-expandable prosthesis (Sapien, Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California) received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of inoperable patients on the basis of a randomi...

Data Uncertainty in Markov Chains: Application to Cost-effectiveness Analyses of Medical Innovations

Cost-effectiveness studies of medical innovations often suffer from data inadequacy. When Markov chains are used as a modeling framework for such studies, this data inadequacy can manifest itself as imprecise estimates for many elements of the transition matrix. In this paper, we study how to compute maximal and minimal values for the discounted value of the chain (with respect to a vector of s...